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ХЯТАДЫН ЗАХ ЗЭЭЛД НЭВТРЭХ БОЛОМЖ
Set-aside programs that consist in forbidding access to specific participants are commonly used in procurement auctions. We show that when the set of potential participants is composed of an incumbent (whose entry costs are already sunk) and of entrants who show up endogenously (in such a way that their expected rents are fixed by outside options), …
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Цутгамал хагарал гэж юу вэ
ContentsWhat is a casting crack?Classification of cracks in castingsHot crackingMorphology and characteristics of hot cracksCauses and measures of hot cracking of castingsStructure of castingDesign of casting processShell making processAdjustment and refining of alloy composition and melting processPouring conditionsCold crackingMain causes of cold …
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