X-Ray Fluorescence
in XRF spectrometry to detect and quantify these elements. Lead (Pb), for example, has a Kα line energy of 74.228 keV and an Lα line of 10.549 keV. The Kα line is out of range for both laboratory and portable XRF spectrometers, however, the Lα line is well within optimal excitation range. L lines are also used to help identify